PNG Bilum: Woven Bags of Papua New Guinea

The bilum is Papua New Guinea's iconic handwoven bag: a versatile, expandable carrying net used by communities across the country. More than a practical object, the bilum embodies cultural identity and women's creativity.

Materials and Preparation

Traditional bilums are made from plant fibers, primarily the inner bark of various trees and vines. The fiber is stripped, dried, and twisted into string using a thigh-rolling technique. Natural dyes from roots, bark, and berries add color.

Construction Technique

Bilums are constructed using a single continuous thread in a looping technique that creates a net-like fabric. Starting from the base, the maker works upward in spirals, increasing the circumference.

Modern Bilum Culture

Today, bilums are made with commercial acrylic yarn in vibrant colors, while traditional fiber bilums remain important in highlands communities. Bilum patterns vary by region.